Summarize Written Text In One Sentence – Read the passage below and summarize it using 1 sentence (between 5 and 75 words). Type your response in the box at the bottom of the screen. Your response will be judged on the quality of your writing and on how well your response presents the key points in the passage.
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PTE Academic Writing – Summarize Written Text
- Read and summarize written text in your words #1
Different cultures have different ideas on relationships and how they are viewed and acted out. For example love and romance are seen to be very important in the western cultures and marriages are based on this, however in non-western cultures, such as china, love and romance are less important. To Western cultures ‘falling in love’ is seen to be a vital part of growing up and Erikson (1968) believed that the establishment of an intimate relationship is an essential part of young adulthood which if unsuccessful can lead to social isolation.
The idea that the nature of relationships differs between cultures due to the differences in ideas about love can be seen to be to narrow as it leaves out other important ideas about relationships in different cultures such as wanting protection and resources from a mate rather than love. This is a weakness as it means that only a very small section of the factors that do effect relationships are looked at meaning from this research we can never get a good well rounded idea of why relationships differ in different cultures. For this to happen, other factors would have to be looked into and combined with this research.
One idea that is ignored in the differences in relationships between cultures due to love is voluntary and involuntary relationships. In western cultures we get choice of who we want to marry however in some cultures arranged marriages are the norm. This seems to work well for them due to low divorce rates and the fact that most people report that they have eventually fallen in love with their arranged partner. This was looked into by Gupta and Singh (982) in a supporting longitudinal study of 100 couples living in India, 50 form arranged marriages and 50 form love marriages. They were asked how much they ‘liked’ and ‘loved’ their partners after 1, 5 and 10 years of marriage. They found that in love marriages both liking and loving were very high to start off with however decreased over time. In arranged marriages however they were found to ‘like’ and ‘love’ each other more after 10 years than those form love marriages. This supports the differences in relationships in different cultures as it shows that different types of marriages work in different cultures.
- Read and summarize written text in your words #2
In around 2300 BP (Before Present), hunter-gatherers called the San acquired domestic stock in what is now modern day Botswana. Their population grew, and spread throughout the Western half of South Africa. They were the first pastoralists in southern Africa, and called themselves Khoikhoi (or Khoe), which means ‘men of men’ or ‘the real people’. This name was chosen to show pride in their past and culture. The Khoikhoi brought a new way of life to South Africa and to the San, who were hunter-gatherers as opposed to herders. This led to misunderstandings and subsequent conflict between the two groups.
The Khoikhoi were the first native people to come into contact with the Dutch settlers in the mid 17th century. As the Dutch took over land for farms, the Khoikhoi were dispossessed, exterminated, or enslaved and therefore their numbers dwindled. The Khoikhoi were called the ‘Hottentots’ by European settlers because the sound of their language was so different from any European language, and they could not pronounce many of the words and sounds.
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The Khoikhoi, which were also called Hottentots were the first native come into contact with the Dutch settlers, although, the Dutch took over their land and caused their population decreased.
Author please review:
You are missing a lot of important details in your summary.
Unlike Western countries, in non-western countries, people believe in an arrange marriage and in a supporting longitudinal study it is proved that this phenomenon causes less divorce and superb bonding after several years.
Author please review:
Hey John,
Try to write summaries in approx 50-55 words. You are writing short summaries. This way you will lose marks
Short summarizes are recommended by Pearson . Below is recommended summary from PEARSON for Lebpnan turtles topic :
“Thanks to Moan Khalil and Habiba Fayed, the sea turtles in Lebanon have a chance for survival”
Though every culture has different views towards relationship but
according to a study that love between couples declined in love
marriage compared to arranged marriages which supports different in culture is correct
The author discusses the differences between western and non-western world on the idea of relationships, love, romance and marriages, and asserts the importance of substantiating voluntary and involuntary factors, along with love factor, like social norms, practices, and many other factors within a social context in various studies to fully comprehend the dissimilarities.
Research indicates, there is no single idea of good & lasting relationship because after a reasonable period, degree of affinity towards their partner in a marriage differs the way marriage has happened which eventually depends on culture; westerners prefer love marriage whereas easterners have traditionally preferred arranged marriages but at the end different relationship patterns have worked well in different cultures.
Khoikhoi , hunter-gatherers are the first pastoralists in southern Africa later joined with Dutch settlers and they are called as ‘Hottentots’ as they lag in pronunciation
In western, people believe Love marriage whereas in non western coutries people believe in Arrange marriage and thus Different cultures have different view about relationships and marriage
Western countries culture differs from non-western countries, Love is basic factor for marriage in western countries but not in non-western countries, Research demonstrates that arranged marriages have strong relation than the love marriages.
Khoikhoi , were the hunter-gatherers who albeit brought a new life in South Africa,but their population got reduced after contact with Dutch settlers, in 17th century because of extermination and enslavement.
As per the research, various culture responds to relationship differently, based on their culture’s perspective about love which shows less priority towards love marriage and believe in arranged marriages mostly in non -western countries , however those ideas have proved to be sucessful over a period of time.
Before 2300 year, the ancient culture begun at Botswana, however their population grew, and they spread almost half of South Africa, while they called themselves as the real people of the land, the Dutch settlers acquired their land at 17th century, and European settlers felt difficult as they could not pronounce many of the words.
In Western Countries give more importance to love and marriage,and in non-Western Countries like China has no value for love and romance,,for this several factors need to consider and research was carried by Gupta Singh from 100 couples in India half from arrange and other from love marriage:hence it proves arrange marriage has more love and affection.
In the period of 2300 hunter gathers spreads their population in Western Africa and termed themselves as “Khoe” it conveys “men of men” and they communicated with Dutch people firstly,in 17 century: but due to some problems Dutch named as”Hottentots”,because their terminology and pronunciation is peculiar.
Khoikhoi, the hunter-gatherers originated from Botswana to South Africa known for their pride and new way of life, population were started falling when acquired by Dutch during 17th century were called as ‘Hottentots’ as unable to pronounce certain words. correctly.
Love being responsible for varying views on relationship in different cultures ignored other important aspects and hence makes it complex to find the reason behind but ignored aspect of love and arrange marriage support this idea of relationships in different cultures.
OR
It’s hard to determine why different cultures has different views on relationship as love, a vital aspect in a relationship, ignore other important aspects that must taken into account but in successful marriages such varying views on relationship proved fruitful.
Before 2300 year, the ancient culture begun at Botswana, however their population grew, and they spread almost half of South Africa, while they called themself as the real people of the land, the Dutch settlers acquired their land at 17th century, and European settlers felt difficult as they could not pronounce many of the words.
Different culture have different ideas on relationship, the marriages happening in western culture is based on falling love and romance with their partners, and having better understanding before marriage, the divorce rate also low, however in India, the survey reported that the people who have made the arranged marriage also lead a good life even after 10 years by understanding the feelings of each other.
According to a supporting longitudinal study of 100 couples living in India, love marriages people were very high in the beginning, but decreased over time, while arrange marriages couple tend to love each other more as time goes by and hence, this supports on why different cultures view relationships differently.
The history of Western Africa (now South Africa) cannot be completed without the presence of the Khoikhoi and their impact on the region, from the tribal conflicts due to clashes of lifestyle, until their extermination by the Dutch.
Hunter-gatherers called the San were the first pastoralists in southern Africa and they called themselves Khoikhoi, but a misunderstanding divided these people into two groups after that they came contact with Dutch in mid 17 century and The dutch took over their land and they reduced in numbers.
Different cultures have different views on relationships, western cultures have more crucial love and romance than none western cultures such as China, but a survey proved in India, more arranged married couples have more love in their relationships than love married couples.
Different Cultures influence relationships disparately, some develop bonds on the grounds of love while the others on materialistic gains. One concrete example, Lower divorce rates in Indian arrange marriages as compared to western love marriages stimulates its practice in India. However, more factors need to be visualized to elucidate the foundation of relationships in different cultures.
Hunter-gatherers called the San were the first pastoralists in southern Africa and the first native people to come into contact with the Dutch settlers in the mid 17th century who brought a new way of life to South Africa and to the San and the accent of their language was so different from any European language.
Twenty Three centuries before hunter-gatherer called as San occupied land which is now known as modern Bostwana, which lead some conflicts between herders and them due to their new way of life, they also were the first to come in contact with the Dutch settlers in 17th century who enslaved them and called them xyz because of Sans language.
Different types of cultures have its profound influence on relationships, because of their idea about relationships and what works well for them, such as low divorce rates in India due to arrange marriage, however more research has to be done to come to a concrete conclusion that what kinds of factors have implication on relationships.
Khoikhi were the first pastoralists who came and brought a new way of life to south africa, having a conflict with Dutch settlers; however, Dutch took over land for farms and enslaved them and Khoikhi were called the Hottentots by Europen settlers.
Although Khoikhoi were the first postoralists in southern part of Africa, later these people were extermined with Dutch settlers; therefore, they called as Hottentots by Europeans because of their language.
Although western people give value for love and romance in their relationships, non western countries people give less priorty for love and romance in their reltionship; therefore, arrenge marriage people will find their love with partners and stay together longlife.
Various cultures have diverse ideas about relationships due to difference in ideas about love, marriage, as research shows that in love marriages both liking and loving has been declined over time as compared to arranged marriages.
To understand the nature of relationship in different culture a research was conducted to observe different factors, for example in the western culture where there is no concept of arrange marriage, but countries like India and China mostly people do arrange marriage and also these countries have low divorce rate, in fact, in love marriage love decrease between couple by the time compare to arrange marriage love increase even after 10 years.
Different cultures have different ideas on relationships due to difference in ideas about love, as research shows that in love marriage both liking and loving declined over time as compare to arrange marriage.
2. Khoikhoi were the first pastoralists to show pride in their culture and brought a new way of life to South Africa, due to their language differences their numbers declined when they came into contact with Dutch settlers.
2nd Paragraph : Hunter-gatherers called Khoikhoi and moved to South Africa also they famous as ‘men of men’ in South Africa and they contacted with Duch people, again in Europe Khoikhoi called as ‘Hottentots’ because their language is difficult to pronounce any words also compare to any European languages.
Long ago San, hunter-gatherers and the first pastoralists, flourished in the Western half of South Africa and they took immense pride in calling themselves Khoikhoi, however, this community diminished on account of the 17th-century Dutch settlers, who enslaved and exterminated the members of the Khoikhoi community for owning up the land for farms.
In some cultures love before marriage is non-negotiable, however, protection and materialistic gains are primary requirements from a partner in a marital relationship in other cultures, which leads researchers to believe that cultural backgrounds immensely influence the foundation on which human relationships are based and also that different type of marriages work in different cultures.
Love and romance play a vital role in western cultures while in non-western cultures, such as China love and romance are less important and according to the research, we can never get a good idea of why relationship differ in different cultures and it is also found that different types of marriages work in different cultures.